Monocytes are the most important participants in the reactions of innate immunity, mechanisms of tissue damage and repair in cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases. Their evaluation is essential in various pathologic processes. Modern automated blood analysis allows not only to measure the absolute and relative content of these cells, but also to obtain additional information. 

The lecture deals with monocytic parameters - the number of monocytes, mean monocyte volume (MMV), their volume distribution width (MDW) and other characteristics in various pathologies. The use of flow cytometry makes it possible to obtain data on the cell population of monocytes - average intensity of direct and lateral light scattering of monocytes, average fluorescence intensity, width of light scattering and fluorescence distribution (MO-X, MO-Y, MO-Z, MO-WX, MOWY, MO-WZ). The article shows the changes of the mentioned parameters in different pathology (sepsis, COVID-19, etc.). Some attention is paid to monocyte indices (monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammatory response index - SIRI), which are considered by many authors to be biomarkers of inflammation and have prognostic value in sepsis and other diseases. Modern hematological analyzers expand the possibilities of assessing blood reactions in pathological processes and increase the level of significance of clinical conclusions based on the results of laboratory tests.

The pericardium as a structure of the heart and pericarditis as a disease began to be mentioned at the dawn of our era in close association with military medicine. The upsurge of pathology in modern times, associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, was also first noted in a military hospital. Today and in the years to come, the relevance of the topic of pericarditis will inevitably surface in the differential diagnosis of chest pain in patients with chest wounds and contusions, as well as in military personnel who have repeatedly carried acute respiratory viral infections on their feet or who have panic attacks. In 10 years since the release of the latest European guidelines for the management of pericarditis, there have been significant changes in the ideas about pathogenesis, and new possibilities for diagnosis and therapy of the disease have emerged. The lecture contains data that provide the most adequate knowledge about pericarditis with comments from the authors on the subtle points and persistent problems in the management of these patients.

INTRODUCTION. Assessment of the quality of medical care is the most important element of modern healthcare aimed at improving the effectiveness of treatment, patient satisfaction and ensuring the safety of medical services. The development of innovative technologies, the need to standardize approaches to diagnosis and therapy require improvement of existing methods of assessment.

OBJECTIVE. Analyze existing methods for assessing the quality of medical care, identify their limitations and factors affecting the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment, and develop recommendations for their improvement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study is based on the analysis of scientific publications presented in international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and the Russian scientific electronic resource eLIBRARY.RU. Key words used: assessment of the quality of medical care, patient satisfaction, quality of life assessment scales. The works published in the period from 2010 to 2024 were included. The methods of content analysis, comparative analysis and statistical data processing were used.

RESULTS. The analysis showed that the most common model for assessing the quality of medical care is the Donnabedien model, which includes three key components: structure, process and outcome. An important role is played by standardized quality of life assessment scales (SF-36, EQ-5D, WHOQOL-BREF), which provide a comprehensive indicator of the impact of medical interventions on patients. It is shown that the key indicators are patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, accessibility and safety of medical services.

DISCUSSION. Current trends in assessing the quality of care include an increased emphasis on the integration of digital technologies, big data analysis, the use of electronic medical records and clinical decision support systems. There are revealed problems related to the subjectivity of conclusions, the need for cultural adaptation of quality of life assessment scales and the variability of applied methodologies in different countries.

CONCLUSION. Improvement of the system for assessing the quality of medical care requires a comprehensive approach, including standardization of methods, adaptation of quality of life assessment scales, integration of digital technologies and increased attention to patient safety. The study results can be used to optimize the quality management of medical services and develop effective strategies to improve patient satisfaction.

INTRODUCTION. Natural (background) ionizing radiation is experienced by all inhabitants of the Earth. Its impact is compensated by the body’s capabilities. Ionizing radiation from nuclear technologies is of man-made nature. Its compensation requires the involvement of medical organizations that provide assistance to persons exposed to such effects. The article contains data of medical literature, author’s comments and assessments on the topic of applying cytogenetic research techniques to analyze the results of exposure to ionizing radiation of nuclear technologies (IRNT).

OBJECTIVE. To determine the methods of cytogenetic dosimetry for assessment of nuclear ionizing radiation doses received by veterans of special risk units who served on nuclear submarines and test sites.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The portal “Scientific Electronic Library” eLIBRARY.RU and the database of medical and biological publications PubMed were used as citations. The following queries were used to search Russianlanguage sources: peripheral blood lymphocytes; chromosome aberrations; biological dosimetry; dicentric; cytogenetic dosimetry. Data in the PubMed database were searched using the queries Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes, Chromosome Aberrations, Biological Dosimetry, Dicentrics, Cytogenetic Dosimetry. Publications from the period 1947-2020 were examined. 55 publications were analyzed.

RESULTS. The methods of cytogenetic dosimetry currently used are considered. The methods suitable for organization of cytogenetic examination of veterans of special risk units are determined. The limits of applicability of cytogenetic dosimetry methods and the principles of selecting persons from the contingent under consideration for organizing the examination are determined.

DISCUSSION. Some difficulties in performing cytogenetic dosimetry and interpreting its results are considered, taking into account non-obvious factors, such as the sensitivity threshold of the applied method and the use of radiation therapy when providing medical care to the subjects.

CONCLUSION. It is noted the role of cytogenetic dosimetry in replenishing the often missing information on the received physical dose of IRNT on the persons professionally involved in the situation. The main method of cytogenetic dosimetry was selected for use in providing medical and social assistance to veterans of special risk units.

INTRODUCTION. The article considers the peculiarities of the existing system of assistance to the wounded and injured in shipboard conditions and presents possible ways of its improvement with regard to modern trends of medical science and advanced experience of assistance to the wounded in combat conditions.

OBJECTIVE. To analyze the features of the current system of first aid, pre-hospital, first medical and qualified surgical aid to the wounded and injured on ships of the Russian Navy. Based on the study results, to make proposals for further improvement of treatment and evacuation measures during combat operations at sea.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Russian and foreign sources characterizing the organization of assistance to the wounded and injured in shipboard conditions were studied, including the use of scientific and metric databases Google Scholar, eLIBRARY and PubMed, regulatory legal documents in the electronic database Garant. The search was conducted by keywords: maritime medicine, medical service, medical evacuation measures, first aid, prolonged care, prehospital care, skilled surgical care, naval surgery, whole blood, lyophilized plasma, Tactical combat casualty care, Prolonged casualty care, hospital corpsman, fleet surgical team, prehospital care. We analyzed 33 Russian and foreign publications on the problem of providing care to the wounded and injured in shipboard conditions in the period from 2008 to 2024.

RESULTS. The analysis of available literature sources allowed us to define the problematic issues of the existing system of assistance to the wounded and injured in shipboard conditions and to identify ways of its possible improvement in the dynamically changing modern conditions of fleet operations.

DISCUSSION. The existing system of assistance to the wounded and injured on ships, which has been operating unchanged for the last decades, does not reflect the onset of modern concepts and strategies of assistance under limited conditions of human, time and material resources. For a long time, the approach to the material and technical equipment of the medical service of ships has not been revised. At the same time, by now there has been accumulated a great experience of medical support of troops in combat conditions, which often coincide with the conditions of assistance on ships in conditions of mass arrival of wounded both due to limited resources and impossibility of timely evacuation to higher stages of assistance provision. This gives grounds to believe that in order to determine further directions of developing the system of wounded and injured care in the Navy, it is necessary to adapt the experience of medical support of ground forces with regard to ship specifics, as well as the introduction of modern treatment and diagnostic equipment. At the same time, positive changes are difficult to achieve without revision of training programs for ship crews and shipboard medical personnel. 

CONCLUSION. The main directions of developing the system of assistance to the wounded and injured in the Navy are determined by the adaptation of modern achievements of science, technology and advanced experience in medical support of ground forces to shipboard conditions, improvement of logistics, training of personnel of ship crews and shipboard medical service personnel, as well as changes in the regulatory and legal framework in the field of medical activities.

OBJECTIVE. To study the medical and statistical indicators of military personnel’s morbidity undergoing military service under contract, which will enable to clarify the necessary forces and means of the medical service, and focus on prevention of leading classes of diseases and injuries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. We studied the morbidity rates of contract servicemen in the reports on the health status of personnel and the activities of the medical service in the form 3/MED of military units in which at least 70 % of the total number of Russian Navy servicemen served. Nosology was aligned with the chapters of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Disorders, 10th revision (ICD-10). The morbidity rate was calculated per 1000 servicemen or in ppm (‰), mortality – per 100 thousand people or 10^-5. We calculated the morbidity and its share in the categories of servicemen serving under contract: officers and warrant officers, sailors and petty officers, female servicemen.

RESULTS. The average long-term level of primary morbidity of contract servicemen in the Russian Navy for 19 years (2003– 2021) was 389.4 ‰ with a share of 44.2 % of the structure of the entire cohort morbidity in the Russian Navy, hospitalizations – 228.7 ‰ and 32.1 %, days of work loss – 4734.7 ‰ and 41.2 %, dismissals – 11.81 ‰ and 42.1 %, mortality – 93.74 ×10^–5 and 87.6 %, respectively. The dynamics show a level decrease in almost all accounting types of morbidity in the last observation period, with the exception of a slight increase in the level of primary morbidity. In the Russian Navy contract servicemen, in comparison with the Russian Navy cohort, there is an increase in the proportion of cases for all types of morbidity, with the exception of dismissal, which has decreased in the last observation period. The most pronounced levels of morbidity (except for mortality) were recorded in female servicemen with a low proportion in the structure. There are large unrealized opportunities in the implementation of medical and preventive measures for female servicemen. In the dynamics of the structure for all types of morbidity, an increase in the proportion was revealed among sailors and petty officers, with a decrease in the proportion of other categories of contract servicemen.

CONCLUSION. Focusing on prevention, early detection of diseases in the leading classes, their treatment and rehabilitation can significantly reduce morbidity and improve the health of military personnel. The presented medical and statistical indicators will allow calculating the forces and resources for planning the organization of medical support for military personnel serving under contract in the Russian Navy.

INTRODUCTION. The quality of procured hemotransfusion components is largely achieved by the effective application of modern equipment, rational use of donor potential, as well as the introduction of new transfusion technologies. However, maintaining the metabolic properties of platelets, along with minimal activation during the actual storage time, remains a problem in blood transfusion services.

OBJECTIVE. To evaluate, considering storage times under different temperature conditions, the metabolic level in platelet concentrate (PC) prepared in plasma and in SSP+ supplement solution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The object of the study were 20 PC samples prepared by automatic apheresis in plasma and the same number in SSP+ supplemental solution (MacoPharma, France) under conditions of reduced temperature (4 ± 2 °C) on the day of preparation and for storage periods up to 15 days. In the room temperature regime, 25 PT samples in plasma and 31 in SSP+ supplement solution were included in the study on the day of preparation and on the 5th day of storage. A total of 96 PC samples were investigated. The number of platelets was determined on the automatic hematological analyzer Medonic M20 (Sweden). Parameters of platelet metabolism in vitro (pH, glucose and lactate levels) were measured using a blood gas analyzer ABL-800 Flex (Radiometer, Denmark). To identify the number of platelet microparticles we used the method of flow cytometry with anti-CD41 - APC (Clone MEM-06) to platelet surface markers on a CytoFlex analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA).

RESULTS. The possibilities and advantages of a rational approach to PC transfusion were revealed, taking into account the medium of content, degree of activation and temperature regime of platelet storage to optimize the component procurement. The data obtained on the 1st-5th day during cold storage of PC coincide with the study of storage at a regulated temperature of 22 ± 2 ºC and constant stirring. Special attention is paid to the amount of platelet microparticles by the end of the storage period. It is noteworthy that their content in both groups significantly increased compared to the initial one, indicating an increase in platelet activation by the end of the storage period.

DISCUSSION. The evaluation of metabolic activity revealed that, regardless of storage medium and temperature conditions, platelets retained metabolic activity for 5 days without exceeding the regulated pH values. The content of microparticles is an indicator of the proportion of active platelets in a given concentrate. It is likely that regular donations from active donors could potentially be associated with cellular activation and an increase in the number of circulating microparticles in PC. The data from this study emphasize the need to develop and justify requirements for harvesting and storage of PC with regard to activation status based on screening of microparticles in donors. The possibility of differentiating PC based on screening of the content of microparticles resulting from activation will help to improve the efficiency and safety of transfusion therapy.

CONCLUSION. Platelet concentrates have a short shelf life and are often in limited quantities. PC stock management based on platelet and microparticle content analysis is a promising strategy, which is also important for marine professionals. Assessment of PC activation status by the level of microparticle content will improve the quality and efficiency of the transfusion therapy performed and optimize the use of the sought-after blood component.

OBJECTIVE. To assess the quality of life (QOL) of retired officers of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, dismissed from service for health reasons due to military trauma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. We examined 226 retired officers of internal affairs bodies (IAB) who had suffered a craniocerebral trauma during their service (2008-2023). According to the results of the military medical examination, two groups were formed: 1st (n = 93) - with the wording “military trauma”; 2nd (n = 133) - “disease received during military service”; both groups with category “D”. Questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the frequency features (participation in combat operations, dispensary, inpatient treatment, etc.). Quality of life was studied using the Q-LES-Q methodology (adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova). The χ² criterion and Student’s t-criterion were used.

RESULTS. Group 1 IAB retirees had a higher frequency of participation in combat operations (80.7 % vs. 51.9 %; χ² = 18.36; p < 0.001) and predominant use of departmental hospitals of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for complex treatment (77.4 % vs. 12.8 %; χ² = 93.1; p < 0.001). Mine blast etiology injuries prevailed among them (80.7 % vs. 3.8 %; χ² = 138.14; p < 0.001). In Group 2, in contrast, retired patients were more often treated in MHS facilities (73.7% vs. 22.6%; χ² = 55.3; p < 0.001). Psychological testing revealed significantly lower scores on the scales of health, communication with loved ones, professional self-realization, and the integral indicator of QOL (p < 0,001).

DISCUSSION. The results reflect more pronounced consequences of combat injuries and frequent need for departmental medical care in persons with military trauma, which correlates with their low socio-psychological adaptation and limited resources for rehabilitation. These differences are consistent with the data on more severe post-traumatic reactions in former officers who participated in combat operations.

CONCLUSION. IAB retired personnel discharged due to military trauma demonstrate lower quality of life indicators and are less likely to use full-fledged rehabilitation programs. The results emphasize the need for further improvement of the departmental system of medical care and psychological support to improve the level of health and social integration of this category of citizens.

OBJECTIVE. To study the changes occurring in the prostate gland in combatants, arising under the influence of posttraumatic stress disorder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 100 participants who consented to be examined. All of them were divided into five equal groups. The first four groups included participants of military operations depending on the time that had passed from participation in combat operations (the main group). The fifth group (the comparison group) included servicemen who did not take part in combat operations. The groups were divided as follows: Group 1 (n = 20) - the time from the moment of participation in combat operations was up to 6 months; Group 2 (n = 20) - the time from the moment of participation in combat operations was 7-13 months; Group 3 (n = 20) - the time from the moment of participation in combat operations was 14-20 months; Group 4 (n = 20) - the time from the moment of participation in combat operations was 21-27 months. Comparison group - 20 men. Men aged 30-35 years old, without chronic and/or acute prostate diseases, which is confirmed by documents, without wounds or contusions, were selected for the study. The average time of participation in combat operations was from 6 to 8 months. All participants underwent ultrasound examination of the prostate and culture of its contents.

RESULTS. According to the study, it was found that group 1 and group 2 subjects showed an increase in prostate size compared to the data obtained in the comparison group. In group 3, there was a decrease in the size of the prostate gland, but its dimensions were larger than in the comparison group. In group 4, all sizes were consistent with the results obtained in the comparison group. Based on these data, it can be assumed that those examined in groups 1, 2 and 3 showed signs of acute prostatitis. When examining the microbial landscape of prostate juice, it was found that in the 1st and 2nd groups there was an increase in the number of microorganisms, which then gradually decreased, and in the 4th group began to correspond to normal values.

DISCUSSION. The presented study confirmed that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a negative impact on the prostate gland in combatants, as manifested by an increase in its size, which can be considered as a manifestation of congestive prostatitis. The development of prostatitis can be associated with several factors. The first and main reason is the lack of a normal and regular sex life, which leads to stasis. Another cause may be changes in hormonal background associated with increased testosterone levels in the blood, which can affect the prostate tissue, causing it to enlarge. The third reason, which can also cause the development of prostatitis, is a decrease in immune defense. This is indirectly confirmed by the changes in the microflora obtained from the examined different groups. At the same time, in all examined patients qualitative changes in microflora were not revealed, microbial landscape is represented by microorganisms characteristic for normal microflora, changes in quantitative composition were noted, but no microbial associations characteristic for manifestation of bacterial prostatitis were revealed. 

CONCLUSION. Post-traumatic stress disorder triggers a multifactorial mechanism causing the development of acute congestive prostatitis.

OBJECTIVE. Develop a model for predicting stress-associated diseases of gastroenterological profile in servicemen.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. 69 men aged 38.2 ± 5 years were examined. Of them 24 suffered from stress-associated diseases of gastroenterological profile (SAD GE), 45 were practically healthy. Psychophysiologic, psychological and physiologic examination was carried out, the indicators of service performance were evaluated.

RESULTS. In the group of servicemen with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases, there were statistically significantly fewer (42 %) persons with good reserve, but more (58 %) persons with satisfactory cardiovascular system reserve than in the group of practically healthy persons. In addition, good and satisfactory cardiovascular system reserves are equally frequent in the group of servicemen with SAD GE, and three types of cardiovascular system centralization regulation are equally revealed. Among the servicemen with GIT diseases the persons with weak type of nervous system prevail, the same type of nervous system was dominant within the studied group (p = 0,02). It was found that the group with gastrointestinal diseases is distinguished by a significantly higher frequency (25%) of persons with a satisfactory level of neuropsychic stability and a lower (8%) frequency of persons with a high level. The data on the success of professional activity shows that in the group of GIT diseases there are statistically significantly fewer (42 %) persons with high and more (58 %) persons with average level of success of professional activity.

DISCUSSION. The obtained results are consistent with the data of other scientists. The developed model of forecasting the development of SAD GE in servicemen contains indicators of physiological, psychophysiological and psychological levels. This indicates a complex influence of biopsychosocial factors on the development of gastroenterological diseases.

CONCLUSION. The developed model for predicting the development of SAD GE should be used in the medical and psychological support of servicemen. Preventive measures should be taken when identifying the risk of SAD GE development.

INTRODUCTION. Contemporary terrorist activity encompasses a wide range of methods, targets and modes of attack, including attacks in the maritime environment. Such terrorist acts carry significant economic and social risks, affecting international trade routes, naval forces and port infrastructure. Despite active research on terrorism, a systematic analysis of maritime terrorist acts remains underdeveloped. The present study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively assess such terrorist attacks, identify their patterns, and forecast their dynamics until 2030.

OBJECTIVE. Determine key patterns of maritime terrorism, including analysis of methods, ways and objects of terrorist attacks, as well as assessment of the dynamics of terrorist activity. The main task is to forecast possible scenarios of threat development based on mathematical analysis of time series.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study uses Global Terrorism Database (GTD) data containing information on 209707 terrorist attacks for the period 1970-2022. A textual analysis method using relevant keywords was applied to select maritime terrorist attacks, which allowed the selection of 69772 terrorist attacks. The analysis was conducted using frequency analysis, time series statistical techniques including linear regression, and forecasting techniques.

RESULTS. Explosions (52.23%), armed attacks (21.26%) and attacks on infrastructure (9.97%) were found to be the main methods of committing maritime terrorist attacks. Explosives (55.53%), firearms (23.22%), and arson (10.55%) were most frequently used methods of perpetration. The highest proportion of attacks were directed against individuals and property (24.44%), military personnel (15.95%) and police officers (11.12%). The dynamic analysis showed a significant increase in terrorist activity from 2010 to 2014, reaching a peak in 2014 (6,885 attacks), followed by a decline, but the forecast values indicate a possible increase by 2030.

DISCUSSION. The results allow comparing them with previously published studies. In contrast to land-based terrorist acts, maritime terrorist attacks are characterized by a high proportion of attacks on naval forces, port infrastructure and merchant ships. The patterns identified support other researchers’ observations of the predominant use of explosives and firearms in maritime terrorism. However, the predictive models presented in this study are the first to quantify possible future changes in attack dynamics.

COCNLUSION. The study allowed to identify key features of maritime terrorist acts, analyze their structure, dynamics and predict future trends. The results obtained can be used to improve systems for preventing and responding to terrorist threats in the maritime environment.

INTRODUCTION. Preservation and improvement of flight safety of Russian-made aircraft in different regions of the world today remains an important problem and is subject to permanent actualization. In order to choose a trajectory for improving medical support of flights and enhancing their safety, a field study was conducted with the involvement of pilots flying modern airplanes.

OBJECTIVE. To study adaptive capabilities and dynamics of functional state of foreign pilots in the pre-flight period and during the flight shift.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study involved 22 pilots, from which two groups with different levels of professional training were formed: Group 1 (n = 12) – with a lower level of flight training and Group 2 (n = 10) - with a higher level of flight training. The studies were conducted during the period of pilots’ preparation for flights and during the flight shift. The flights were performed with moderate flight load.

Heart rate regulation as an integral indicator of adaptation processes in the body, mobility and speed of nervous processes, and the state of the visual analyzer were subject to evaluation. Mathematical and spectral analysis of the cardiorhythmogram and tests for visual-motor reactions were used for this purpose.

RESULTS. In the pilots of the 1^st group, the pre-start state was characterized by tension of adaptation mechanisms, which is a variant of the norm in aviation practice. During the flight period, even greater tension of regulatory systems with the inclusion of humoral components was found, which corresponds to the formation of neuro-emotional tension, which can also be defined as a normal state. In the 2^nd group of pilots, no significant changes in adaptation mechanisms were revealed.

DISCUSSION. In pilots with a lower level of training it was registered that adaptation processes are characterized by optimal tension of regulatory systems and insignificant change in the level of central nervous system functioning during the pre-flight period. During the flight shift, the tension of regulatory systems with the inclusion of humoral components was established. No significant adaptation reactions and dynamics of the functional state of the organism were recorded in pilots with a high level of training. The obtained results showed a sufficient level of pilots’ adaptive capabilities to perform flights with moderate flight load.

CONCLUSION. Pilots with a low level of flight training have a pronounced pre-launch functional state and neuro-emotional tension during the flight shift, which indicates that adaptive capabilities remain at a sufficient level during flight performance.

Pilots with a high level of flight training have a normal functional state with optimal tension of adaptation processes.

To form a complete psychophysiological profile of pilots at the next stage of work it is necessary to study the nature of adaptation processes at much higher flight loads and under conditions of different types of flights.

OBJECTIVE. A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of periodic use of medicinal gas mixtures “Aroxen” for emergency restoration of professional performance of Navy operators.

MATERIALS AND METODS. 16 male operators (aged 23–45) undergoing simulator training to operate the automated workstation of the Navy’s military intelligence complex.

Group 1 (n = 8) underwent oxygen therapy courses according to standard modes recommended for use in Navy servicemen. The course consisted of 10 procedures performed daily after a work shift. Each procedure consisted of 30-minute continuous oxygen breathing. The operators of group 2 (n = 8) used the corrective procedures of breathing the “Aroxen” with the following composition: oxygen 60 %, xenon 2 %, argon – the rest. The mode of application was similar to that in group 1. Direct indicators of the quality of activity and indicators of subjective status were assessed for the operators of both groups during the simulator training period.

RESULTS. It was shown that in group 2 individuals, against the background of intense activity, there was an acceleration of recovery processes, and better values of subjective status indicators were recorded compared to group 1. This made it possible to ensure better efficiency of simulator training for operators in group 2.

DISCUSSION. The obtained data convincingly demonstrated the high efficiency of the medicinal gas mixtures “Aroksen” in emergency recovery of the subjective state of operators against the background of intense activity. The correction program using these gas mixtures can also be considered as a means of preventing the phenomena of chronic fatigue, professional stress, and emotional tension of operators of complex ergatic systems.

CONCLUSION. The conducted studies have shown the high efficiency of using medicinal gas mixtures “Aroxen” in emergency recovery and increasing operator performance, significantly exceeding that of standard oxygen therapy.