Law enforcement officers with different levels of combat stress (men, residents of the Komi Republic, n=33, 35,0 (32,0-39,0) years old) were examined before (November) and after (March) trips to the combat zone. The control group included agents of the Ministry of emergency situations with a low level of stress (men, residents of the Komi Republic, 32.0 (30.0-35.0) years old). In total, law enforcement officers were shown to have a wide prevalence of vitamin deficiency: about 50% of persons had hypovitaminosis for vitamins A, E, about 35% - for vitamins B1, B2 and 24% - for vitamin C. A parallel study of the control group and law enforcement officers in November showed that initially there were more persons with reduced vitamin status in law enforcement officers, especially in the level of vitamins B1 and E. In March, after the arrival of law enforcement officers from the combat zone, they found a significant decrease in the percentage of persons with hypovitaminosis for vitamins A, E, C and an increase vitamin B1 deficiency. Changes vitamin status in the control group from November to March were not so significant.

Geographical and climatic conditions of the Crimean peninsula, mammals of a particular ecosystem together with pathogens of the infection and a complex of their ectoparasites, contribute to the preservation of natural foci of tularemia and other natural focal infectious diseases on its territory. Epizootic activity of natural foci of tularemia has a welldefined periodicity and seasonality. Currently, natural foci of tularemia of the steppe type in the flat Crimea and forest type on the territory of the mountain-forest Crimea function. Three types of enzootic tularemia were identified. The epidemiological analysis of people with tularemia in the Crimea showed that its dynamics, level and distribution of cases in the administrative regions are determined primarily by the activity and duration of epizootics in natural foci located in the territories where tularemia is diagnosed. Prevention of diseases of people with tularemia in the Crimea, requires constant monitoring of the activity of natural foci of these infections, the timely detection of rodent epizootics, the study of their ectoparasites and their results, and the implementation of preventive measures.

Law enforcement officers with different levels of combat stress (men, residents of the Komi Republic, n=33, 35,0 (32,0– 39,0) years old) were examined before (November) and after (March) trips to the combat zone. The control group included agents of the Ministry of emergency situations with a low level of stress (men, residents of the Komi Republic, 32,0 (30,0–35,0) years old). In total, law enforcement officers were shown to have a wide prevalence of vitamin deficiency: about 50% of persons had hypovitaminosis for vitamins A, E, about 35% — for vitamins B1, B2 and 24% — for vitamin C. A parallel study of the control group and law enforcement officers in November showed that initially there were more persons with reduced vitamin status in law enforcement officers, especially in the level of vitamins B1 and E. In March, after the arrival of law enforcement officers from the combat zone, they found a significant decrease in the percentage of persons with hypovitaminosis for vitamins A, E, C and an increase vitamin B1 deficiency. Changes vitamin status in the control group from November to March were not so significant.

The article demonstrates that demands of modern ergonomics in man-machine combination mean scientific-based «machine» requirements as well as man-requirements since they limit reliability of whole system. Comparative study was held among operators (learning network), persons affected by asthenoneurotic syndrome, survey was carried out in private company. It has been discovered that besides usual procedure of job specification and recruiting it is necessary to assess dominating type of behavior, perception and information processing. Compatibility of the type with work requirements affects the effectiveness of mastering of profession and burnout and occupational health. This theory was tested in private company when developing quality management system using Expert system of human comprehensive analysis. Observation was held within six years. The result is that quantity of days because of illness reduced in 2,9 times. It can be said that this parameter is the objective index of human integration and properly developed quality management system in a company. The quality management system worked out in the base of Expert system of human comprehensive analysis allows to reduce burnout of personnel and keep up their occupational health. Basing on survey results the main profiles of operator performance were analyzed taking into account dominating type of behavior, perception and information processing. Thus psychophysiological predictors for potential naval operators were identified. This objective is relevant in naval construction of Russia.

The paper presents basic concepts of toxicological problems under human containment in a closed hermetic hyperbaric volume basing on the literature data and our own long-term scientific and practical experience aimed at diving and diving medicine, development and testing of the decompression chambers. The paper describes the following essentials of the problem: gaseous atmospheric composition in closed hermetic volumes, evolution of exogenous gases in human organism under lowering in the chamber, evolving hazardous gaseous substances (HGS) in the closed volume, design average daily rate of HGS evolving, effect of conditions on HGS evolving, their maximum permissible concentrations, methods of СО2 and HGS removal in the chambers, and regulatory requirements. It is shown that the most of the modern existing chambers do not meet the regulatory requirements that may result in negative effects on human health. The ways to except the cases of human intoxication in the decompression chambers and systems are offered in the paper.

June 16, 2018 year marks anniversary 235 Rams 1472 VMKG Russian Defense Ministry hospital is Today. Multidisciplinary specialized military medical institution, standing at the forefront of modern medicine. Being coeval of the city of Sevastopol and the Black Sea fleet hospital in 235 anniversary rightfully takes its dignified and Honorable place. With 2016 year experts of the hospital, the first in the southern military region among military medical organizations, began to provide high-tech medical care. The hospital is a major methodological centre of medical service The Black Sea fleet and the Southern military district, with rich experience of practical work in the context of war and peace.

The paper represents fundamental principles of concept of development of naval medicine in one of six main regional directions of national naval policy of the Russian Federation — Atlantic regional direction that includes the Atlantic Ocean, rims of the Black Sea, Azov Sea, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean Sea. Attention is drawn to the notion of «Marine medicine», its role and place in national health care is argued. The necessity of practical implementation of the Convention of the International Labor Organization, ratified by the Russian Federation in 2012, No. 186 «On labor in maritime navigation», is primarily emphasized, first of all, the creation of national and regional centers of maritime medicine, bringing various issues of medical provision of subjects of marine activity in line with international standards. The author notes that the problem of adaptation the national medical education to the international system of education in the field of maritime health care in the coming years will require the introduction of additions to the list of medical specialties and qualification requirements in the part related to marine medicine. It is on the basis of the national and regional centers of maritime medicine in the Russian Federation that it is proposed to organize training (postgraduate training, retraining) of the medical staff. It is noted that the Russian Federation, based on wide and positive experience of medical provision of seafarers in the Soviet Union, taking into account the organizational, scientific, methodological and practical features of the activities of the international centers of maritime medicine, will consistently and steadily develop the medical supply system of the state’s maritime power.

Damage to the peripheral nerves and spinal roots in natural anatomical tunnels is not only a common form of damage to the nervous system, but also an important medical and social problem; because tunnel neuropathy and degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine are one of the most common reasons for the release of citizens from the call, the dismissal of military personnel from the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, seafarers, changes in the category of fitness for military service. According to various authors, the combination of compression — ischemic neuropathies with signs of spinal cord lesions occurs in 30–70% of cases of tunnel syndromes. This is especially true for seafarers, because they are more likely to be affected by the musculoskeletal system, as long-term, monotonous load can lead to micro-traumatization and micro-hemorrhage, followed by scarring of muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia and, as a consequence, the narrowing of natural anatomical tunnels. Revealed the existence of a relationship between the sea and the frequency of lesions of the spine, the shoulder girdle, with the emergence of the syndrome of the rotator cuff and carpal tunnel syndrome. In military personnel, this may occur during excessively long compression of the upper arms during shooting, training, work in low temperatures and vibration.

Scientific and historical reviewis dedicated to naval hygienist, head of a Department of Naval and Radiation Hygiene (2006–2013) in Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov, holder of Habilitation degree in Medicine, professor Igor Vitalievich Petreev who turned 55 years. He has been working in Military Medical Academy for over 25 years. His contribution to the development of hygieology is that he formed a concept of multi-level optimization of hygienic quality forming for military personnel (2007) in the habilitational thesis. Also here viewed and explainedlist and types of advanced means intended on prevention of world ocean waters pollution from naval ships and vessels (1995). In addition he was initiator and co-author of two-volume guidance on naval and radiation hygiene, multimedia reference-training program «Environmental and health basics of health protection in military» (2001, 2002, 2007) and more than 20 guides. Also he co-authored biography monographs «Notebook of naval hygienists» (2012), «The first Russian Department of hygiene» (2015) and set of articles round the history of a Department of Naval and Radiation Hygiene. His military history sheet states only 2 home stations: Pacific Fleet — chief medical officer of submarine from 1988 to 1992 (Bolshoi Kamen and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky-53) and Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov (Leningrad, Saint-Petersburg) — cadet (1982), adjunct (1992), lecturer (1995), as sistant professor (2003), chief of a department (2006), head of a department (2011) of Naval and Radiation Hygiene, since 2013 — professor of a Department (of common and military hygiene with the course of naval and radiation hygiene). Military service of professor I. V. Petreev ended in 2011 when the only one in the country Department of Naval and Radiation Hygiene became civil. After demobilization Igor Vitalievich teaches in Military Medical Academy to the present day. 

Human history knows no other such tough time but that fell to the lot of Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War. But also it doesn’t know such common heroism, courage and win to victory that Soviet people showed fighting in fields and behind enemy lines every day. It stands to mention selfless work of military medicine. Surgeons and organizers of medical service for wounded were the most essential people that time. Collective of 35-th Kronstadt Naval Hospital that worked on island Cotlin was also in difficult conditions. There was no communication with scientific and educational health care institutions, therefore military medicine had to work in severe conditions of blockade. Surgeon service of Kronstadt Naval Hospital performed a mission properly. Dozens of thousands wounded and sick were kept going and their health recovered. This article is devoted to scientific, clinical and organizational activities of heads of surgery departments of Kronstadt Naval Hospital who worked during the war. Their contribution to the development of native military medicine is shown in the article.