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Psychological consequences of participation in combat operations and emergency responsibilities: a retrospective study

https://doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2025-11-4-60-71

Abstract

OBJECTIVE. To study from a psychological point of view the results of military personnel’s participation in combat operations and the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A comprehensive psychological assessment was conducted on 243 employees of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and 219 employees of the Russian Ministry of Civil Defense, Emergencies, and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters. Social characteristics, combat experience, emergency response, health status, and morbidity were analyzed. The following methods were used: the Luscher personality test, the standardized multifactorial personality test, I. O. Kotenev’s Traumatic Stress Inventory for the Diagnosis of Psychological Consequences, and R. Cattell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was also applied. RESULTS. Structural equation modeling was used to construct structural models of directional (cause-and-effect) relationships between dynamic exogenous variables and psychological personality traits in employees engaged in extreme occupations. These traits determine the occurrence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder, its individual symptoms, and the frequency and duration of temporary disability. The types of psychological and somatic consequences of exposure to high-intensity stressors of varying complexity and duration on employees in extreme occupations manifest themselves in pre-clinical forms (constructive-adaptive, unstable-adaptive, and borderline), reflecting various stages in the continuum Mental Health – Intermediate Forms of Mental Health – Psychopathology. DISCUSSION. Both combatants and firefighters experience similar spectrums of psychological consequences associated with exposure to traumatic stressors. Continued combat activity causes a deterioration in mental health, while increased firefighting experience leads to improved mental health and enhanced adaptation. CONCLUSION. The obtained results significantly complement and specify the data on the psychological consequences of traumatic stress available in foreign and domestic scientific literature.

About the Authors

I. I. Dorofeev
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Ivan I. Dorofeev – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Research Center



I. V. Marchenko
412 military hospital, branch 3
Russian Federation

Ilya V. Marchenko – Senior Resident



M. S. Prokopyev
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Mikhail S. Prokopyev – Cadet



K. V. Dnov
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Konstantin V. Dnov – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Lecturer in the Department of Military Field Therapy



E. A. Chernyavsky
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Evgeniy A. Chernyavsky – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Research Laboratory of the Scientific Research Center



V. V. Yusupov
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Vladislav V. Yusupov – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head at the Research Department of Medical and Psychological Support of the Research Center



A. N. Yatmanov
Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation

Alexey N. Yatmanov – Сand. of Sci. (Med.), Doctoral Student



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For citations:


Dorofeev I.I., Marchenko I.V., Prokopyev M.S., Dnov K.V., Chernyavsky E.A., Yusupov V.V., Yatmanov A.N. Psychological consequences of participation in combat operations and emergency responsibilities: a retrospective study. Marine Medicine. 2025;11(4):60-71. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2025-11-4-60-71

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