Analysis of severity of victims’ condition with shockogenic injuries sustained in automobile accidents in seaside region of Arctic zone of Russia: descriptive study

OBJECTIVE. To determine the peculiarities of the severity of the victims’ condition with shockogenic traumas received in road traffic accidents (RTA) on federal, regional and local highways in the seaside region of the Arctic zone of the Arkhangelsk region.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. There was the analysis of medical documents of 71 victims of road accidents on the roads of the Arkhangelsk region who had received severe mechanical trauma accompanied by shock. The severity of the victims’ condition at admission to the trauma center was assessed according to the CAP-SP scale. Three categories of victims were distinguished: with severe combined injuries, polytraumas and extremely severe polytraumas. RESULTS. The severity of the victims’ condition who suffered shock trauma on a federal highway is higher than those injured on regional and local roads. Victims of federal highway accidents are more likely to suffer polytrauma and extremely severe polytrauma compared to those injured on regional and local roads. High severity shock is more common in victims injured on the federal highway than in victims injured on regional and local roads.

DISCUSSION. The most severe condition of the victims who received shockogenic trauma on the federal highway is probably related to the peculiarities of traffic on this road, which is caused by higher speed, higher load capacity, higher density of the vehicle flow compared to the regional and local roads.

CONCLUSION. The severity of the victims’ condition in road accidents and severe mechanical trauma accompanied by shock on federal, regional or local roads is related to the place of injury. The most severe condition of victims, which is manifested by clinical picture of polytrauma, including extremely severe, occurs on the federal highway. At the same time, shock of III-IV degree also occurs more often in victims of road traffic accidents on the federal highway. In order to provide timely emergency medical care to victims of road accidents on the federal highway, it is necessary to create mobile highway stations.

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