CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIABILITY OF THE HEART RHYTHM IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT SPEECH DISORDERS IN ARCTIC

The Murmansk region is characterized by a number of specific climatic and geographical features: a polar night, a long snowy period, an unstable geo-heliophysical setting. All of the above factors have a negative impact on children with disabilities. The article describes the application of the method of analysis of heart rate variability to assess the dynamic changes in the functional state of the body of preschool children with general speech underdevelopment, as well as with stuttering. The work was carried out on the Kola Peninsula in the period of the exit from the «polar night», when exacerbations of somatic diseases are most often recorded in children, and there is a decrease in the immunological reactivity and adaptation potential. The main purpose of this work was to conduct research on the selection of methods for the functional diagnosis of a child’s body in the Kola North to track the state of the state during the educational process on the basis of a preschool institution during the most unfavorable periods. Functional diagnostics included weekly dynamic measurements of the functional status of children of both groups on a non-invasive cardiac rhythmograph, followed by mathematical processing of the main cardiorhythmographic parameters. The use of heart rate variability analysis makes it possible to identify differences in the functional state of preschool children with various speech disorders associated with the nosological structure of the defect. In addition, the use of this method allows you to track changes in the state of children in the course of the educational process in preschool institutions and to adjust the flow of information, taking into account the individual characteristics and adaptive capacities of children with speech disorders.

heart rate variability, preschoolers, general speech underdevelopment, stuttering, The Arctic, marine medicine

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