Evaluation and correction of vitamin sufficiency in persons working on rotational basis in chukotka autonomous okrug: cohort study

INTRODUCTION. A reduced level of vitamins in the blood is a widespread condition in the North: on average 30–47 % of the screened have various vitamin deficiency. However, few studies of vitamin status were carried out among residents of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug– one of the most remote and isolated regions of the Asian part of Russia with harsh climatic conditions.

OBJECTIVE. Carry out research on vitamin sufficiency in residents and visitors of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, working on the rotational basis, before and after correcting by vitamin-mineral complex.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. As part of the integrated Arctic expedition locals (n = 13) and visitor (n = 16) of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug were screened three times (at the beginning of the expedition, 14 days after vitaminizing and 12 after its completion) from August to September. The level of vitamins А, В1, В2, С, Е and 25OH-vitamin D was evaluated by generally accepted methods in venous blood. The nature of the actual nutrition was studied using the questionnaire method.

RESULTS. At the study’s start 25 % of local and 38 % of male visitors experienced polyhypovitaminosis. Overall, the incidence of vitamin А and Е deficiency was higher in local workers, and vitamin В1, В2 deficiency – in visitors. Vitamin В deficiency was high in both groups of persons, but it was 1,56 times higher in visitors. More than 90 % of persons in both groups had an adequate level of vitamin С. After completing the vitaminizing course over 75 % of people had normal level of vitamin В1, Е and С (in both groups) and vitamin В2 (in local workers). The incidence of vitamin А (in both groups) and В2 (in visitors) deficiency remained high. There was further normalization of vitamin status in both groups on the 12^th day after vitaminizing, no cases with polyhypovitamins were detected. The diet was stable in energy value during the entire examination period and was 3974,7 kcal/day on average. There were no statistically significant differences between the actual nutrition indicators in local and imported workers.

CONCLUSION. Despite high energy value of nutrition, the screened groups experienced prevalence of vitamin-deficient status. A 14-day course showed a positive effect, especially in local workers. A slower improvement in vitamin status was observed in visitors. The level of vitamin D, which was not corrected, reduced during the expedition, especially in visitors.

marine medicine, vitamin status, vitamins, correction, deficiency, hypovitaminosis, North

1. Бекетова Н. А., Коденцова В. М., Вржесинская О. А., Кешабянц Э. Э., Сокольников А. А., Кошелева О. В., Кобелькова И. В., Погожева А. В., Камбаров А. О., Батурин А. К. Обеспеченность витаминами жителей сельских поселений российской Арктики // Вопросы питания. 2017. Т. 86, № 3. С. 83–91 [Beketova N. A., Kodentsova V. M., Vrzhesinskaya O. A., Keshabyants E. E., Sokolnikov A. A., Kosheleva O. V., Kobelkova I. V., Pogozheva A. V., Kambarov A. O., Baturin A. K. Vitamin status of rural residents, living in Russian Arctic. Problems of nutrition, 2017, Vol. 86 (3), P. 83–91 (In Russ.)].

2. Потолицына Н. Н., Бойко Е. Р. Витаминный статус жителей Европейского Севера России и его зависимость от географической широты // Журнал медико-биологических исследований. 2018. Т. 6, № 4. С. 376–386 [Potolitsyna N. N., Boyko E. R. Vitamin status in residents of the European North of Russia and its correlation with geographical latitude. Problems of nutrition, 2018, Vol. 6, № 4, P. 376–386 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.17238/issn2542-1298.2018.6.4.376.

3. Коденцова В. М., Жилинская Н. В., Салагай О. О., Тутельян В. А. Специализированные витаминно-минеральные комплексы для лиц, находящихся в экстремальных условиях // Вопросы питания. 2022. Т. 91, № 6. С. 6–16 [Kodentsova V. M., Zhilinskaya N. V., Salagay O. O., Tutelyan V. A. Specialized vitamin-mineral supplements for persons in extreme conditions. Problems of nutrition, 2022, Vol. 91, № 6, P. 6–16 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.33029/0042-8833-2022-91-6-6-16.

4. Потолицына Н. Н., Бойко Е. Р. Обеспеченность витаминами В1, В2 организма коренных северян, ведущих полукочевой и оседлый образ жизни // Журнал медико-биологических исследований. 2021. Т. 9, № 3. С. 295–304 [Potolitsyna N. N., Boyko E. R. Vitamins B1 and B2 status in indigenous northerners leading a seminomadic and sedentary lifestyle. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, Vol. 9, № 3, P. 295–304 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z067.

5. Eussen S. J., Nilsen R. M., Midttun Ø., Hustad S., Ijssennagger N., Meyer K., Fredriksen Å., Ulvik A., Ueland P. M., Brennan P., Johansson M., Bueno-de-Mesquita B., Vineis P., Chuang S. C., Boutron-Ruault M. C., Dossus L., Perquier F., Overvad K., Teucher B., Grote V. A., Trichopoulou A., Adarakis G., Plada M., Sieri S., Tumino R., de Magistris M. S., Ros M. M., Peeters P. H. M., Redondo M. L., Zamora-Ros R., Chirlaque M. D., Ardanaz E., Sonestedt E., Ericson U., Schneede J., van Guelpen B., Wark P. A., Gallo V., Norat T., Riboli E., Vollset S. E. North-south gradients in plasma concentrations of B-vitamins and other components of one-carbon metabolism in Western Europe: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study Br J Nutr, 2013, № 110 (2), P. 363–374. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512004990.

6. Корчин В. И., Лапенко И. В., Макаева Ю. С. Сравнительная обеспеченность витаминами А, Е, С взрослого населения Северного Региона // Символ науки. 2015. № 12–2. С. 212–217 [Korchin V. I., Lapenko I. V., Makaeva Yu. S. Comparative availability of vitamins A, E, and C in the adult population of the Northern region. Simvol nauki, 2015, № 12–2, pp. 212–217 (In Russ)].

7. Потолицына Н. Н., Бойко Е. Р. Витаминный статус сотрудников правоохранительных органов при воздействии боевого стресса // Морская медицина. 2018. Т. 4, № 3. С. 57–63 [Potolitsyna N. N., Boyko E. R. Vitamin status of law enforcement officers under the influence of combat stress. Marine medicine, 2018, Vol. 4, № 3, P. 57–63 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.22328/2413-5747-2018-4-3-57-63.

8. Черняускене Р. Ч., Варшкявичене З. З., Грибаускас П. С. Одновременное флуориметрическое определение концентрации витаминов Е и А в сыворотке крови // Лаб. дело. 1984. № 6. С. 362–365 [Chernyauskene R. Ch., Varshkevichene Z. Z., Grybauskas P. S. Simultaneous fluorimetric determination of the concentration of vitamins E and A in blood serum. Laboratornoe delo, 1984, № 6, P. 362–365 (In Russ.)].

9. Батурин А. К., Погожева А. В., Мартинчик А. Н., Сафронова А. М., Кешабянц Э. Э., Денисова Н. Н., Кобелькова И. В. Изучение особенностей питания населения европейской и азиатской части арктической зоны России // Вопросы питания. 2016. Т. 85, № S2, С. 83 [Baturin A. K., Pogozheva A. V., Martinchik A. N., Safronova A. M., Keshabyants E. E., Denisova N. N., Kobelkova I. V. Studying the nutritional characteristics of the population of the European and Asian part of the Arctic zone of Russia. Problems of nutrition, 2016, Vol. 85, № S2, P. 83 (In Russ.)].

10. Виноградова В. В. Районирование России по природным условиям жизни населения с учетом экстремальных климатических событий // Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая. 2021. Т. 85, № 1. С. 5–13 [Vinogradova V. V. Zoning of Russia according to the natural living conditions of the population considering extreme climatic events. Izvestiya RAN (Akad. Nauk SSSR). Seriya Geograficheskaya, 2021, Vol. 85, № 1, P. 5–13 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.31857/S2587556621010167.

11. Бойко Е. Р. Физиолого-биохимические основы жизнедеятельности человека на Cевере. Екатеринбург: Уральское отделение РАН. 2005. 190 с. [Bojko E. R. Physiological and biochemical foundations of human life in the North. Yekaterinburg: Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2005, 190 P. (In Russ.)].

12. Evliyaoglu O., van Helden J., Imöhl M., Weiskirchen R. Mining the age-dependent reference intervals of b vitamins from routine laboratory test results. Lab Med, 2019, № 50 (1), P. 54–63. doi: 10.1093/labmed/lmy045.

13. Holick M. F., Binkley N. C., Bischoff-Ferrari H. A., Gordon C. M., Hanley D. A., Heaney R. P., Murad M. H., Weaver C. M. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011, Vol. 96(7), P. 1911–1930. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-0385.

14. Spiro A., Buttriss J. L. Vitamin D: An overview of vitamin D status and intake in Europe. Nutr Bull, 2014, Vol. 39(4), P. 322–350. doi: 10.1111/nbu.12108.

15. Silva I. C. J., Lazaretti-Castro M. Vitamin D metabolism and extraskeletal outcomes: an update. Arch Endocrinol Metab, 2022, Vol. 66 (5), P. 748–755. doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000565.

16. Коденцова В. М., Погожева А. В., Громова О. А., Ших Е. В. Витаминно-минеральные комплексы в питании взрослого населения // Вопросы питания. 2015. Т. 84, № 6. С. 141–150 [Kodentsova V. M., Pogozheva A. V., Gromova O. A., Shikh E. V. Vitamin-mineral supplements in nutrition of adults. Problems of nutrition, 2015, V. 84, № 6, P. 141–150 (In Russ.)].