Toxicological evaluation of gel, containing sulfated polysaccharides of brown seaweed: experimental study

OBJECTIVE. Under experimental conditions, give toxicological evaluation of the gel composition based on natrium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), containing sulfated polysaccharides of brown seaweed (SPS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study object is the gel composition. Experiments were carried out on white male mice. The work consisted of toxicological research methods with the evaluation of the gel toxicity with parenteral and cutaneous application, including survival rate, mass coefficients of organs, clinical and hematologic, biochemical parameters and allergenic properties.

RESULTS. It was found that the test gel composition does not show a general toxic effect in parenteral administration and extended cutaneous application (for 1 month), does not cause changes in behavioral reactions as well as impaired motor activity of the animals. Physiological parameters of body weight and internal organs of mice, treated with the gel, were within the normal range. The gel does not adversely affect hematological and biochemical blood values of the experimental animals. The gel application does not cause the phenomenon of sensitization.

DISCUSSION. The developed gel composition does not have a toxic effect on the experimental animals in parenteral and cutaneous application.

CONCLUSION. Toxicological evaluation of the test gel demonstrates its safety and its use in the long term in both civilian healthcare and the interests of military medicine.

marine medicine, wound coverings, gels, polysaccharides of brown seaweed, toxicity, hematological and biochemical blood values, allergenic properties

1. Shu W., Wang Y., Zhang X., Li C., Le H., Chang F. Functional Hydrogel Dressings for Treatment of Burn Wounds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol, 2021, Vol. 9, P. 788461. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.788461.

2. Alven S., Aderibigbe B.A. Chitosan and Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wound Management. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, Vol. 21, No. 24, P. 9656. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249656.

3. Дуданов И. П., Виноградов В. В., Криштоп В. В., Никонорова В. Г. Преимущества и недостатки гелевых покрытий в терапии ожоговых ран и ожогов. Вестник новых медицинских технологий. 2022. Т. 16, № 2. с. 13–22 [Dudanov I. P., Vinogradov V. V., Krishtop V. V., Nikonorova V. G. Advantages and disadvantages of gels for local treatment of burn wounds and scars. Journal of new medical technologies, 2022, Vol. 16, No. 2, P. 13–22 (In Russ.)].

4. Surowiecka A., Strużyna J., Winiarska A., Korzeniowski T. Hydrogels in Burn Wound Management-A Review. Gels, 2022, Vol. 8, No. 12, P. 122. doi: 10.3390/gels8020122.

5. Qi L., Zhang C., Wang B., Yin J., Yan S. Progress in Hydrogels for Skin Wound Repair. Macromol Biosci, 2022, Vol. 22, No. 7, P. e2100475. doi: 10.1002/mabi.202100475.

6. Kopecki Z. Development of next-generation antimicrobial hydrogel dressing to combat burn wound infection. Biosci Rep, 2021, Vol. 41, No. 2, P. 404. doi: 10.1042/BSR20203404.

7. Yu Q. H., Zhang C. M., Jiang Z. W., Qin S. Y., Zhang A. Q. Mussel-Inspired Adhesive Polydopamine-Functionalized Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Potential Bacterial Inhibition, Glob Chall, 2019, Vol. 4, No. 2, P.1900068. doi: 10.1002/gch2.201900068.

8. Kalantari K., Mostafavi E., Afifi A. M., Izadiyan Z., Jahangirian H., Rafiee-Moghaddam R., Webster T. J. Wound dressings functionalized with silver nanoparticles: promises and pitfalls. Nanoscale, 2020, Vol. 12, No. 4, P. 2268–2291. doi: 10.1039/c9nr08234d.

9. Qing X., He G., Liu Z., Yin Y., Cai W., Fan L., et al. Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl alcohol/N-Succinyl Chitosan/lincomycin Composite Antibacterial Hydrogels for Wound Dressing. Carbohydr. Polym, 2021, Vol. 261, P. 117875. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117875.

10. Cunha L., Grenha A. Sulfated Seaweed Polysaccharides as Multifunctional Materials in Drug Delivery Applications. Mar Drugs, 2016, Vol. 14, No. 3, P. 42. doi: 10.3390/md14030042.

11. Nagahawatta D. P., Liyanage N. M., Jayawardena T. U., Yang F., Jayawardena H. H. A. C. K., Kurera M. J. M. S., Wang F., Fu X., Jeon Y.-J. Functions and values of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed (Review). Algae, 2023, Vol. 38, No. 4, P. 217–240. doi:10.4490/algae.2023.38.12.1.

12. Mohamed R. R., Fahim M. E., Soliman S. M. A. Development of hydrogel based on Carboxymethyl cellulose/poly(4-vinylpyridine) for controlled releasing of fertilizers. BMC Chemistry, 2022, Vol. 16, P. 52. doi: 10.1186/s13065-022-00846-6.

13. Zhang W., Liu Y., Yang X., Zhang S. Synthesis and Applications of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogels. Gels, 2022, Vol. 8, P. 529. doi: 10.3390/gels8090529.

14. Basu P., Narendrakumar U., Arunachalam R., Devi S., Manjubala I. Characterization and Evaluation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films for Healing of Full-Thickness Wounds in Normal and Diabetic Rats. ACS Omega, 2018, Vol. 3, No. 10, P. 12622–12632.

15. Гуськова Т. А. Доклиническое токсикологическое изучение лекарственных средств как гарантия безопасности проведения их клинических исследований. Токсикологический вестник. 2010. № 5 (104). C. 2–6 [Guskova T. A. Preclinical toxicological study of drugs as a guarantee of their safe clinical investigations. Toxicological Vestnik, 2010, № 5 (104), P. 2–6 (In Russ.)].

16. European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes. Strasbourg, 18.III.1986.

17. Алексеева О. Г., Дуева Л. A. К анализу механизма особенностей течения гистаминной интоксикации под действием лекарственных препаратов. Фармакология и токсикология. М. 1978. C. 12–19 [Alekseeva O. G., Dueva L. A. To the analysis of the mechanism of the features of the course of histamine intoxication under the action of drugs. Pharmacology and toxicology. Moscow, 1978, P. 12–19 (In Russ.)].