Assessment of microcirculation parameters, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, endothelial functional state in operators of deep-sea technical means: clinical controlled non-randomized study

OBJECTIVE. By changing microcirculation parameters (MCC), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), the assessment of endothelial functional state in operators of deep-sea technical means (DTM), to evaluate effect of professional work factors on these parameters in isolation and to relate these changes to smoking and the previous novel coronavirus infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The studied parameters were recorded in four time points: before simulating isolation conditions, during isolation on the 10^th and 20^th day, on the 7^th day after leaving the research complex in the hospital. The total isolation period – 21 days. The subjects were divided into 4 groups: without a history of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), who had suffered COVID-19, smokers and non-smokers.

RESULTS. There were the obtained data on changes in MCC parameters as well as regulatory mechanisms of the microvascular channel. Adaptation mechanisms of MCC were determined in the examined contingent.

DISCUSSION. The study confirms the fact that when operators of DTM are placed in the same stressful working environment, mechanisms of the microvascular channel adaptation in smokers and persons, who have suffered COVID-19, are much weaker than in healthy non-smokers due to their endothelial dysfunction. In the conditions of monotonous hard work in a confined space the vascular endothelium is an important adaptation regulator.

CONCLUSION. Operators’ prolonged stay in special conditions of DTM causes the development of endothelial dysfunction. Smoking and the history of COVID-19 represent independent factors of a significant reduction in endothelium-dependent vasodilatation growth, the adaptive capacity of the microvasculature regardless of working conditions. One of MCC adaptation mechanisms in hypodynamy conditions with prolonged stay in the confined space of DTM is enhancing the role of the active endothelial component (Ae) in the microvasculature regulation.

marine medicine, microcirculation, nitric oxide level in exhaled air, nitrogen monoxide, operator of deep-sea technical means, cardiovascular risk, endothelial dysfunction, smoking, COVID-19

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