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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">seamed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морская медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-5747</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EBNLSC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">seamed-972</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспрессия гена CDKN2A в оценке риска здоровью студентов при сочетанном влиянии психосоциального стресса и климата Прибалтики: оригинальное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CDKN2A gene expression in health risk assessment in students exposed to combined psychosocial stress and Baltic climate: original study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1531-5518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахманов Рофаиль Салыхович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры гигиены</p><p>603905, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rofail S. Rakhmanov – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Hygiene</p><p>603905, Nizhny Novgorod, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 10/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raf53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-1216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасов Андрей Вячеславович – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общественного здоровья и здравоохранения ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни»</p><p>236041, г. Калининград, ул. Александра Невского, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Tarasov – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Health and Healthcare, Public Scientific Center «Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences»</p><p>236041, Kaliningrad, Alexandr Nevskiy Str., 14</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drup1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-9984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоблина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Scoblina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скоблина Наталья Александровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры гигиены</p><p>117513, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Skoblina – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Hygiene</p><p>117513, Moscow, Ostrovityanova St., Building 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skoblina_dom@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-3667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомолова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomolova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богомолова Елена Сергеевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой гигиены</p><p>603905, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Bogomolova – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Hygiene</p><p>603905, Nizhny Novgorod, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 10/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olenabgm@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-2970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разгулин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razgulin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Разгулин Сергей Александрович – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой медицины катастроф</p><p>603905, г. Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Razgulin – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), assistant professor, Head of the Department of Disaster Medicine</p><p>603905, Nizhny Novgorod, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 10/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kafedramk@pimunn.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени И. Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахманов Р.С., Тарасов А.В., Скоблина Н.А., Богомолова Е.С., Разгулин С.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахманов Р.С., Тарасов А.В., Скоблина Н.А., Богомолова Е.С., Разгулин С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmanov R.S., Tarasov A.V., Scoblina N.A., Bogomolova E.S., Razgulin S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/972">https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/972</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Студенты подвержены высокому риску стресса, способствующему развитию заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучить риск здоровью студентов при сочетанном влиянии психосоциального стресса и климата Прибалтики по экспрессии гена CDKN2A.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Оценивали биоклиматическую комфортность по индексу холодного ветра и интегральному показателю условий охлаждения организма, помесячный уровень УФ-инсоляции. У студентов 1-го курса: 1-я группа (n = 90, осень) и 2-я группа (n = 88, весна) методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) определяли количественную экспрессию гена CDKN2A. Сравнивали результаты по сезонам года среди лиц с отсутствием/наличием признаков стрессовых состояний, определенных по Госпитальной шкале тревоги и депрессии (HADS).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У студентов мужского и женского пола экспрессия гена CDKN2A весной, по сравнению с осенью, увеличивается при отсутствии стресса, соответственно в 13,3 (р = 0,001) и в 13,5 (р = 0,001) раза, при наличии в 7,7 (р = 0,001) и 3,4 (р = 0,001) раза. У студенток осенью число копий транскрипта при наличии стресса в 3,6 (р = 0,029) раза больше, чем при их отсутствии, при нехарактерной особенности у студентов вероятно обусловленное меньшей эмоциональной устойчивостью девушек. Связь между экспрессией гена CDKN2A с сезоном года и наличием стресса подтверждена дисперсионным анализом.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Возможность охлаждения организма, недостаточность витамина D в зимне-весенний период года определяют особенности развития тревожно-депрессивных состояний у студентов в Прибалтике. Экспрессия гена CDKN2A может служить индикатором ухудшения здоровья студентов.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Условия среды обитания и образ жизни являются факторами риска здоровья студентов. Результаты обусловливают проведение большего объема профилактической работы при адаптации к условиям обучения у лиц женского пола по сравнению с мужским, а также внедрение оздоровительных мероприятий по снижению уровня стресса в зимне-весенний период года среди всех когорт обучающихся.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Students are at high risk of stress, which contributes to the development of diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE. To study the health risk of students under the combined influence of psychosocial stress and the Baltic climate based on the expression of the CDKN2A gene.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Bioclimatic comfort was assessed using the wind chill index, the integrated body cooling conditions indicator, and monthly UV insolation levels. Quantitative expression of the CDKN2A gene was determined in first-year students: Group 1 (n = 90, fall) and Group 2 (n = 88, spring) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results were compared across seasons among individuals with and without signs of stress, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. In male and female students, the CDKN2A gene expression increases in spring compared to autumn in the absence of stress by 13.3 (p = 0.001) and 13.5 (p = 0.001) times, respectively, and in the presence of stress by 7.7 (p = 0.001) and 3.4 (p = 0.001) times. In female students, the number of transcript copies in the presence of stress in autumn is 3.6 (p = 0.029) times higher than in the absence of stress, an uncharacteristic feature among students, probably due to the lower emotional stability of girls. The relationship between CDKN2A gene expression with the season of the year and the presence of stress was confirmed by analysis of variance.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. Exposure to hypothermia and vitamin D deficiency during winter and spring determine the development of anxiety and depression in students in the Baltics. CDKN2A gene expression may serve as an indicator of deteriorating student health.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. Living conditions and lifestyle are risk factors for student health. These findings suggest that more preventative measures should be taken to help females adapt to learning conditions compared to males, as well as the implementation of health-improving measures to reduce stress levels during the winter and spring seasons for all cohorts of students.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская медицина</kwd><kwd>студенты первого курса</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>экспрессия гена CDKN2A</kwd><kwd>весна</kwd><kwd>осень</kwd><kwd>распределение особенностей по полу</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine medicine</kwd><kwd>maritime medicine</kwd><kwd>first-year students</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>CDKN2A gene expression</kwd><kwd>spring</kwd><kwd>fall</kwd><kwd>distribution of characteristics by sex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лисовский О. В., Грицинская В. Л., Колотилов Л. В. 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