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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">seamed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морская медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-5747</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2413-5747-2025-11-4-20-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">seamed-876</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование технической эффективности распределения медицинских ресурсов в больницах в условиях чрезвычайной ситуации в области общественного здравоохранения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research on the technical efficiency of medical resources in hospitals of public health emergencies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лулу</surname><given-names>Чжан</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lulu</surname><given-names>Zhang</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чжан Лулу – доктор наук, профессор кафедры санитарной службы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lulu Zhang – PhD, Professor, Faculty of Military Health Services</p><p>200433, Shanghai, Yangpu, Xiangyin Road, 800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zllrmit@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-морской медицинский университет</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Naval Medical University</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лулу Ч., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лулу Ч.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lulu Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/876">https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/876</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ Растущий спрос населения на медицинские услуги повышает нагрузку на систему здравоохранения, особенно при возникновении чрезвычайной ситуации. ЦЕЛЬ. Изучить и оценить факторы, влияющие на эффективность распределения медицинских ресурсов в больницах Шанхая, с целью разработки рекомендаций по управлению медицинскими ресурсами в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Получены данные из больниц одного из районов Шанхая в период с апреля по май 2022 года. Для оценки технической эффективности, чистой технической эффективности и масштабной эффективности использовался анализ оболочки данных (DEA). Для определения независимых факторов, влияющих на эффективность работы больниц, был применен регрессионный анализ Тобита. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В исследование включено 214 единиц принятия решений (DMU). Медианные значения технической эффективности, чистой технической эффективности и масштабной эффективности больниц составили 0,579 (интерквартильный размах [IQR], 0,347–0,767), 0,644 (IQR, 0,487–0,883) и 0,938 (IQR, 0,905–0,953) соответственно. Регрессионный анализ Тобита показал, что более высокое соотношение коек к медицинскому персоналу и количество коек (≥2000) отрицательно влияют на техническую эффективность. ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Высокое соотношение числа коек к медицинскому персоналу связано с повышенной нагрузкой на медсестер, что снижает операционную эффективность больниц в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций в области общественного здравоохранения. Размер больницы, особенно если количество коек превышает 2000, также приводит к снижению эффективности, что объясняется ограничением гибкости управленческих возможностей больницы. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Низкий уровень технической эффективности в основном является результатом неудовлетворительных показателей чистой технической эффективности, что можно улучшить за счет оптимизации управления и организации. Эффективность распределения ресурсов в больницах может быть повышена путем оптимизации количества коек и соответствующего соотношения коек к медицинскому персоналу. Результаты исследования следует учитывать лицам, принимающим решения, при распределении медицинских ресурсов. Кроме того, данное исследование может служить ориентиром для оптимизации распределения медицинских ресурсов в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций в области общественного здравоохранения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>INTRODUCTION. The increasing demand for medical and health services from the public has brought enormous pressure to the health system, and the public health emergency will lead to an intensification of the supply-demand contradiction of medical services. OBJECTIVE. This study aimed to evaluate and explore the factors that might affect the efficiency of medical resource allocation of hospitals in Shanghai, providing reference for the medical resource management of hospitals in the public health emergency. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data were obtained from the hospitals in a certain area of Shanghai from April to May, 2022. Data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency. Tobit regression was applied to determine the independent factors affecting hospital efficiency. RESULTS. A total of 214 decision-making units were included in this study. The median values of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of hospitals were 0.579 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.347-0.767), 0.644 (IQR, 0.487-0.883), and 0.938 (IQR, 0.905-0.953), respectively. Tobit regression analysis indicated that the higher bed-to-nurse ratio and bed capacity (at least 2000) had a negative impact on technical efficiency. DISCUSSION. Hospitals with higher bed-to-nurse ratios tended to exhibit lower efficiency, suggesting that excessive nursing workload may hinder effective service delivery during public health emergencies. Larger bed capacity, particularly in hospitals exceeding 2000 beds, was also associated with poorer efficiency, indicating that overly large scales may limit operational responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS. Low technical efficiency is primarily attributable to poor pure technical efficiency, which can be improved through better management and organizational practices. In addition, optimizing bed allocation and maintaining an appropriate nurse-to-bed ratio can enhance allocative efficiency in hospitals. Decision-makers should consider these findings while allocating medical resources. Meanwhile, our study can also provide reference for optimizing the allocation of medical resources in the public health emergency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская медицина</kwd><kwd>чрезвычайная ситуация в области общественного здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>эффективность распределения</kwd><kwd>анализ оболочки данных</kwd><kwd>регрессия Тобита</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine medicine</kwd><kwd>maritime medicine</kwd><kwd>public health emergency</kwd><kwd>Allocation efficiency</kwd><kwd>Data Envelopment Analysis</kwd><kwd>Tobit regression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu J., Song X. Changes in efficiency of tertiary public general hospitals during the reform of public hospitals in Beijing, China. 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