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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">seamed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морская медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-5747</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2413-5747-2025-11-3-53-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VLMIZD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">seamed-850</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияния вакцинации на течение новой коронавирусной инфекции у пациентов старше 50 лет: ретроспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of vaccination on the course of new coronavirus infection in patients over 50 years of age: a retrospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0758-4814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарубенко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarubenko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарубенко Александра Ивановна – врач-ординатор Первой клиники терапии усовершенствования врачей</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra I. Zarubenko – Resident Physician at the First Clinic for Advanced Medical Treatment</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.zarubenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1905-1926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улятовский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyatovsky</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Улятовский Виктор Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры и клиники военно-морской терапии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Ulyatovsky – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), lecturer at the Department and Clinic of Naval Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulita1981@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1363-6860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкашин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkashin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черкаршин Дмитрий Викторович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник кафедры и клиники военно-морской терапии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Cherkarshin – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department and Clinic of Naval Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherkashin_dmitr@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2501-7801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симоненко Юлия Владимировна – кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры военно-морской терапии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Simonenko – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), lecturer at the Department of Naval Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">simonenkovrach@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-3022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладышева</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladysheva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гладышева Эльвира Валерьевна – кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры Военно-морской терапии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira V. Gladysheva – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), lecturer at the Department of Naval Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пастухов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pastukhov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пастухов Алексей Викторович – начальник отделения клиники Военно-морской терапии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Pastukhov - Head of the unit at the Department of Naval Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doklexa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3173-6587</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуенков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuenkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чуенков Алексей Сергеевич – врач-ординатор Первой клиники терапии усовершенствования врачей</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Chuenkov – Resident physician of the First Clinic of Advanced Medical Therapy</p><p>194044, Saint Petersburg, Academician Lebedev Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alextchuenkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарубенко А.И., Улятовский В.А., Черкашин Д.В., Симоненко Ю.В., Гладышева Э.В., Пастухов А.В., Чуенков А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарубенко А.И., Улятовский В.А., Черкашин Д.В., Симоненко Ю.В., Гладышева Э.В., Пастухов А.В., Чуенков А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zarubenko A.I., Ulyatovsky V.A., Cherkashin D.V., Simonenko Y.V., Gladysheva E.V., Pastukhov A.V., Chuenkov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/850">https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/850</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Новая коронавирусная инфекция (НКИ) COVID-19 внесла значительные изменения в структуру заболеваемости и смертности всего человечества, особенно это отразилось на людях среднего, пожилого и старческого возраста, что связано как с особенностями возрастных изменений человеческого организма, так и с появлением множества сопутствующих заболеваний у пациентов более старшей возрастной группы. Именно поэтому своевременная вакцинация и регулярная ревакцинация против НКИ играют особенно важную роль в течении заболевания и профилактике осложнений у данной категории. В связи с включением COVID-19 в список сезонных заболеваний в настоящее время обсуждается отмена обязательной ревакцинации от коронавируса SARS-CoV-2, но она, вероятнее всего, должна остаться обязательной для определенных групп повышенного риска, в том числе и для лиц старше 50 лет. В данном исследовании мы оценили влияние вакцинации на течение COVID-19 у больных именно в этом возрасте, принимая во внимания все основные показатели клинического течения заболевания. Сопоставление результатов и определение их статистической значимости свидетельствуют о том, что вакцинация, действительно, снижает риски среднетяжелого и тяжелого течения, уменьшает средние сроки госпитализации и положительно влияет на ряд показателей течения COVID-19 у людей старше 50 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить особенности течения НКИ у вакцинированных и невакцинированных пациентов в возрасте старше 50 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В ходе исследования была проведена ретроспективная оценка характера течения COVID-19 у вакцинированных и невакцинированных пациентов в возрасте старше 50 лет. Для исследования определена однородная выборка в количестве 56 человек (возрастная медиана обеих выборок – 63 года, от 50 до 83 лет) из числа пациентов, проходивших лечение в Клинике военно-морской терапии Военно-медицинской академии имени С. М. Кирова в период с апреля 2020 г. по февраль 2021 г. Общая выборка разделена на две подгруппы: однородные по критерию получения вакцины. Таким образом, была выделена группа вакцинированных (1-я группа) в количестве 27 человек и невакцинированных (2-я группа) в количестве 29 человек. Группы сравнивали по основным значимым показателям течения заболевания, включая срок госпитализации, основные жалобы, показатели клинического и биохимического анализов крови, результаты инструментальных исследований и исходы лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Данные, полученные в ходе исследования, свидетельствуют о неоднозначности проблемы влияния вакцинации на течение НКИ у пациентов старше 50 лет, так как в этом возрасте заболевание неизбежно входит в синергию с сопутствующей соматической патологией и общими возрастными изменениями. Несмотря на это, были выявлены статистически значимые различия между течением заболевания в исследуемых группах, свидетельствующие о благотворном влиянии вакцинации на скорость восстановления пациентов после перенесенной инфекции и на ее развитие в целом.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Вакцинация от НКИ в группе людей старше 50 лет облегчает восстановление после перенесенного заболевания и уменьшает риски осложнений, что делает ее необходимой для данной возрастной группы. Введение обязательной вакцинации для лиц старше 50 лет поможет снизить нагрузку на здравоохранение и экономические затраты на медицинское обеспечение.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The new coronavirus infection (NCI) COVID-19 has brought significant changes in the structure of morbidity and mortality of the whole mankind, especially it affected people of middle, old and elderly age, which is associated both with the peculiarities of age-related changes in the human body and onset of many comorbidities in patients of older age group. That is why timely vaccination and regular revaccination against NCI play a particularly important role in the course of the disease and prevention of complications in this category. Due to the inclusion of COVID-19 in the list of sea-sonal diseases, the abolition of mandatory revaccination against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is currently being discussed, but it should most likely remain mandatory for certain high-risk groups, including those over 50 years of age. In this study, we evaluated the impact of vaccination on the course of COVID-19 in patients exactly at this age, taking into account all the main indicators of the clinical course of the disease. Comparison of the results and determination of their statistical significance indicate that vaccination, indeed, reduces the risks of moderate and severe course, decreases the average duration of hospitalization and positively affects a number of indicators of the course of COVID-19 in people over 50 years of age.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the course of NСI in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients over 50 years of age.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. In the course of the study, a retrospective evaluation of the COVID-19 course in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients over 50 years of age was carried out. A homogeneous sample of 56 people (age median of both samples - 63 years, from 50 to 83 years) from the patients treated at the Clinic of Naval Therapy of the Kirov Military Medical Academy in the period from April 2020 to February 2021 was determined for the study. The total sample was divided into two subgroups: homogeneous according to the criterion of vaccine receipt. Thus, a group of vaccinated (group 1) of 27 people and unvaccinated (group 2) of 29 people was distinguished. The groups were compared according to the main significant indicators of the disease course, including period of hospitalization, main complaints, clinical and biochemical blood tests, results of instrumental investigations and treatment outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate the ambiguity of the problem of the vaccination effect on the course of NCI in patients over 50 years of age, since at this age the disease inevitably enters the synergy with concomitant somatic pathology and general age-related changes. Despite this, statistically significant differences were found between the course of the disease in the studied groups, indicating a beneficial effect of vaccination on the rate of patients’ recovery from the infection and on its development in general.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. Vaccination against NCI in people over 50 years of age facilitates recovery from the disease and reduces the risks of complications, making it essential for this age group. Making vaccination mandatory for people over 50 years of age will help reduce the burden on health care and the economic costs of medical support.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская медицина</kwd><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>НКИ</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd><kwd>сопутствующая соматическая патология</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine medicine</kwd><kwd>new coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>NCI</kwd><kwd>older age</kwd><kwd>comorbid somatic pathology</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ulrichs T., Rolland M., Wu J., Nunes M. C., El Guerche-Séblain C., Chit A. 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