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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">seamed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морская медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-5747</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2413-5747-2024-10-4-120-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">seamed-780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поиск связей показателей функциональной спектроскопии ближнего инфракрасного диапазона с показателями электроэнцефалографии: экспериментальное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Search for relationships between functional near-infrared spectroscopy indices and electroencephalography indices: experimental study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6472-839X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мулик</surname><given-names>Александр Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mulik</surname><given-names>Alexandr B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела медико-психологического сопровождения научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Senior Researcher at the Research Department of Medical and Psychological Support of the Research Center </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mulik-ab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-3280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улесикова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulesikova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела обитаемости научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Researcher at the Department of Habitability of the Research Center, Military Medical Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulesikovairina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3509-898X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>Даниил Вячеславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>Daniil V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела медико-психологического сопровождения научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher at the Research Department of Medical and Psychological Support of the Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">da.vya.moiseev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-5282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатыр</surname><given-names>Юлия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatyr</surname><given-names>Yulia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела медико-биологических исследований Научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher at the Research Department of Medical and Biological Research of the Research Center, Military Medical Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliashatyr@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-1043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кунавин</surname><given-names>Михаил Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kunavin</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологии человека и биотехнических систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor at the Department of Human Biology and Biotechnical Systems of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.kunavin@narfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6191-3901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долецкий</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doletsky</surname><given-names>Alexey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры нормальной физиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Professor at the Department of Normal Physiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andoletsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northern (Arctic) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мулик А.Б., Улесикова И.В., Моисеев Д.В., Шатыр Ю.А., Кунавин М.А., Долецкий А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мулик А.Б., Улесикова И.В., Моисеев Д.В., Шатыр Ю.А., Кунавин М.А., Долецкий А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mulik A.B., Ulesikova I.V., Moiseev D.V., Shatyr Y.A., Kunavin M.A., Doletsky A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/780">https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/780</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Первоначально разработанная технология функциональной ближней инфракрасной спектроскопии (Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS) для клинического мониторинга оксигенации тканей коры головного мозга не нашла широкого применения в исследовательской практике. Объединение функциональной спектроскопии ближнего инфракрасного диапазона и электроэнцефалографии (ЭЭГ) дает уникальную возможность мультимодальной визуализации функций мозга человека в нескольких пространственных и временны́х масштабах.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Выявить связи стандартных показателей fNIRS с показателями ЭЭГ.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследовании приняли участие 100 клинически здоровых мужчин и женщин 18–25 лет, европеоидной расы, коренных жителей Республики Крым, Волгоградской и Архангельской областей. Каждый испытуемый последовательно проходил fNIRS- и ЭЭГ-тестирование. Статистический анализ данных выполняли по коэффициенту корреляции Пирсона.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. На этапах съема фоновых показателей с открытыми глазами и съема показателей с закрытыми глазами перед фотостимуляцией выявлены множественные прямые сильные корреляции электрического потенциала ЭЭГ с показателем оксигенированного (HbO) и обратные сильные связи с показателем деоксигенированного (HbR) гемоглобина. На этапе фотостимуляции с частотой 5 Гц наблюдалась обратная связь относительно этапов съема фоновых показателей и съема показателей с закрытыми глазами перед началом фотостимуляции. Обнаружено множество обратных сильных корреляций электрического потенциала ЭЭГ с показателем HbO и прямых сильных корреляций с показателем HbR. Этап фотостимуляции с частотой 10 Гц характеризовался минимальным количеством корреляций анализируемых показателей. На этапе фотостимуляции с частотой 15 Гц были выявлены обратные сильные корреляционные связи электрического потенциала ЭЭГ с показателем HbO и прямые сильные корреляции с показателем HbR.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Содержание кислорода в кровеносных сосудах головного мозга в состоянии покоя прямо коррелирует с выраженностью амплитуды его электрической активности. Учитывая, что состояние покоя на ЭЭГ характеризуется доминированием относительно высокоамплитудной и низкочастотной альфа-активности, такого рода связи вполне логичны. Можно предположить, что переход головного мозга в состояние спокойного бодрствования и режим ожидания стимуляции, который сопровождается замедлением общей ритмики на ЭЭГ и ростом ее абсолютной амплитуды, связан с общим снижением активности нейронных ансамблей, что выражается в снижении уровня метаболизма и потребления кислорода тканями. В такой ситуации большая доля гемоглобина остается в оксигенированной форме, а доля HbR оказывается относительно мала. Фотостимуляция на частотах 5, 10 и 15 Гц приводит к изменению картины корреляционных связей между показателями fNIRS и ЭЭГ. Это касается как количества, так и характера обнаруженных статистически значимых корреляций. Наименьшее количество связей отмечали при стимуляции на частоте 10 Гц, при этом сохранялась общая выявленная закономерность: концентрация HbO прямо коррелировала с амплитудой ЭЭГ, а концентрация HbR – обратно. С точки зрения функционирования ритмогенных структур головного мозга, фотостимуляция на частоте 10 Гц является наиболее нейтральной, поскольку совпадает с доминирующим ритмом покоя взрослого человека (альфа-ритм с частотой 10 ± 1 Гц). Таким образом, можно предположить, что навязывание внешнего ритма с частотой, близкой к естественным частотам ритмогенных структур, приводит к снижению жесткости взаимосвязей между электрической активностью головного мозга и его обеспеченностью кислородом.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность дальнейшего изучения взаимосвязей fNIRS и показателей ЭЭГ, обеспечивающих возможность мультимодальной визуализации функций мозга в условиях эксперимента и клинической практики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Originally developed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology for clinical monitoring of cortical tissue oxygenation has not been widely used in research practice. The combination of functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography (EEG) provides a unique opportunity for multimodal visualization of human brain function on several spatial and time scales.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE. Determine correlation between standardized fNIRS indices and EEG parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study involved 100 clinically healthy men and women aged 18-25 of the Caucasian race, native residents of the Republic of Crimea, Volgograd and Arkhangelsk regions. Each subject underwent fNIRS- and EEG-testing consecutively. Statistical data analysis was performed by the Pearson correlation coefficient</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. At the stage of taking background rates with eyes open and the ones with eyes closed before photostimulation, multiple direct strong correlations of EEG electrical potential with the index of oxygenated (HbO) and inverse strong correlations with the index of deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin were revealed. At the stage of photostimulation with the frequency of 5Hz, an inverse correlation was observed with respect to the stages of taking background rates and the ones with eyes closed before the start of photosimulation. Many inverse strong correlations of EEG electric potential with HbO index and direct strong correlations with HbR index were detected. The stage of photostimulation with a frequency of 10 Hz was characterized by the minimum number of correlations of the analyzed parameters. At the stage of photostimulation with a frequency of 15 Hz, strong inverse correlations of EEG electric potential with HbO and direct strong correlations with HbR were revealed.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. The oxygen content in the blood vessels of the brain at rest directly correlates wirh the amplitude of its electrical activity. Given that a state of rest on the EEG is characterized by the dominance of relatively high amplitude and low-frequency alpha activity, this kind of correlation is quite logical. It can be assumed that the brain transition into the state of quiet wakefulness and the mode of waiting for stimulation, which is accompanied by a slowing down of the general rhythm on the EEG and an increase in its absolute amplitude, is associated with a general decrease in the activity of neuronal ensembles, which is expressed in a decrease in the level of metabolism and oxygen consumption by tissues. In this case, a large proportion of hemoglobin remains in the oxygenated form, and the proportion of HbR is relatively small. Photostimulation at frequencies of 5, 10 and 15 Hz leads to changes in the pattern of correlations between fNIRS and EEG indices. This applies to both the number and the nature of statistically significant correlations detected. The least number of correlations was observed during stimulation at 10 Hz, while the general revealed pattern held true: HbO concentration correlated directly with EEG amplitude, and HbR concentration – inversely. In terms of functioning of the brain rhythmogenic structures, photostimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz is the most neutral as it coincides with the adult’s dominant resting rate (alpha rhythm with a frequency of 10 ± 1 Hz). Thus, in can be assumed that the imposition of an external rhythm with a frequency close to the natural frequencies of rhythmogenic structures leads to a decrease in the rigidity of correlations between the electrical activities of the bran and its oxygen supply.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. The obtained results confirm the prospect of further research on correlations between fNIRS and EEG indices, providing the possibility of multimodal visualization of brain functions under experimental conditions and clinical practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская медицина</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>функциональная ближняя инфракрасная спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>fNIRS</kwd><kwd>нервно-сосудистая связь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine medicine</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>functional near-infrared spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>fNIRS</kwd><kwd>neurovascular connection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrari M., Quaresima V. A brief review on the history of human functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) development and fields of application. 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