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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">seamed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морская медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-5747</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2413-5747-2023-9-3-13-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">seamed-678</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пародонтит: причины, условия возникновения и профилактика</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Periodontitis: causes, conditions of occurrence and prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черныш</surname><given-names>Владимир Федорович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernysh</surname><given-names>Vladimir F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-стоматолог, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, доцент кафедры челюстно-лицевой и хирургической стоматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>dentist, Doctor of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Maxillofacial and Surgical Dentistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailbokarevspb@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевский</surname><given-names>Александр Мечиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevsky</surname><given-names>Alexander M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>рач-стоматолог, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей стоматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>dentist, Doctor of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of General Dentistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">endy_taker@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокарев</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokarev</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гигиенист, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заместитель начальника кафедры общей и военной гигиены с курсом военно-морской и радиационной гигиены</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>hygienist, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Department of General and Military Hygiene, with a course of naval and Radiation Hygiene</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailbokarevspb@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопатин</surname><given-names>Станислав Аркадьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopatin</surname><given-names>Stanislav A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гигиенист, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского испытательного отдела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>hygienist, Doctor of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Senior Researcher of the Research Testing Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Stanislav.lopatin47@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Testing Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черныш В.Ф., Ковалевский А.М., Бокарев М.А., Лопатин С.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черныш В.Ф., Ковалевский А.М., Бокарев М.А., Лопатин С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernysh V.F., Kovalevsky A.M., Bokarev M.A., Lopatin S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/678">https://seamed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/678</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Проанализировать причины и условия возникновения хронического генерализованного пародонтита (ХГП), изучить возможность профилактики заболевания мероприятиями индивидуальной гигиены полости рта (ИГПР).</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведен анализ научной литературы, посвященной причинам и условиям развития ХГП, влиянию его на здоровье организма, а также роли гигиены полости рта в профилактике его возникновения и прогрессирования. Проанализированы статьи в ведущих отечественных стоматологических рецензируемых изданиях и источники из базы данных Pubmed за последние 5 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В ходе анализа литературы установлено, что ведущим этиологическим фактором возникновения пародонтита большинством автором признается микробиота микробных биопленок полости рта, влияние на развитие заболевания оказывают такие факторы, как неудовлетворительная гигиена полости рта, эндогенная и экзогенная сорбционная перегруженность эритроцитов, воздействие физических экологических факторов – внешних электромагнитных полей и вибрации. В то же время проведение мероприятий профессиональной гигиены полости рта и нормализация ИГПР позволяют существенно снизить риск возникновения и прогрессирования ХГП.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. По категориям посещения пациенты, страдающие ХГП, распределились следующим образом: 61,6 ± 0,7 % человек – пенсионеры Министерства обороны (МО) РФ, 16,5 ± 0,5 % человек – члены семей военнослужащих и пенсионеров МО РФ, 16,3 ± 0,5 % – военнослужащие воинских частей и учреждений Минобороны России, прикрепленные к клинике стоматологии войсковых частей и учреждений МО РФ, 5,7 ± 0,3 % – курсанты вузов МО РФ. В список средств ИГПР, актуальных для профилактики заболеваний пародонта, включено около 15 предметов. Часть из них относится к категории традиционных, а правильное применение некоторых нуждается в дополнительном обучении, в том числе в рамках специальной медицинской подготовки при проведении работы по гигиеническому воспитанию и пропаганде здорового образа жизни. Авторы пришли к выводу о целесообразности увеличения количества должностей врачей-стоматологов, чтобы интенсифицировать профилактику кариеса зубов и заболеваний пародонта среди военнослужащих путем проведения профессиональной контролируемой гигиены полости рта.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Высокая распространенность и интенсивность заболеваний зубочелюстной системы среди военнослужащих указывают на актуальность регулярного проведения санации полости рта. Систематическое проведение мероприятий ИГПР снижает количество бактерий в полости рта, препятствует развитию тяжелой общей реакции организма в ответ на воспаление, способствует значительному снижению обострений сопутствующих соматических болезней, что улучшает общее состояние здоровья и качество жизни людей. Проведение профессиональной контролируемой гигиены полости рта с обучением принципам ИГПР и мотивацией к применению современных средств гигиены является основой профилактики заболеваний полости рта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE. Analyze the causes and conditions for chronic generalized periodontitis, study means of preventive health care through individual oral hygiene.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study analyzed the scientific literature, devoted to casual factors and conditions of developing chronic generalized periodontitis, its influence on the health of the body and as well as the role of oral hygiene in preventing its onset and progression. Articles in leading domestic dental peer-reviewed publications along with data sources from Pubmed over the past 5 years were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The literature analysis found that majority of authors acknowledge microbial biofilm microbiota of the oral cavity as the leading etiological factor of periodontitis; such factors as poor oral hygiene, endogenous and exogenous erythrocyte sorption overload, the impact of physical environmental factors – external electromagnetic fields and vibrations affect the progression of the disease. Meanwhile, measures of professional oral hygiene и normalization of individual oral hygiene allows to significantly reduce the risk of emerging and progressing chronic generalized periodontitis.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. By category visits patients, suffering from CGP, were distributed as follows: 61,6 ± 0,7 % people – retirees of Russian Defense Ministry, 16,5 ± 0,5 % people – family members of military men and retired of RDM, 16,3 ± 0,5 % – military men, attached to the dentistry clinic of RDM military units and institutions, 5,7 ± 0,3 % – RMD cadets. Means of individual oral hygiene, relevant for the prevention of periodontitis, include about 15 items. Part of them are classified as traditional, and the proper application of some of them requires additional training, including in the framework of special medical training during hygiene education work and health promotion. The authors came to a conclusion about the expediency of increasing the number of dentists to intensify the prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases among military men through professionally monitored oral hygiene.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. The high prevalence and intensity of dental system diseases among military men shows the relevance of regular sanitation of their oral cavity. Systematic implementation of individual oral hygiene measures decreases the number of bacteria in the mouth, prevents the development of severe overall body response to inflammation, contributes to a significant reduction in the number of exacerbation of concomitant somatic diseases that improves overall health and people’s quality of life. Professionally monitored oral hygiene, oral hygiene education and motivation for applying modern hygiene products are considered as the basis of oral disease prevention.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская медицина</kwd><kwd>пародонтит</kwd><kwd>индивидуальная гигиена полости рта</kwd><kwd>микробная биопленка</kwd><kwd>зубные бляшки</kwd><kwd>десневая борозда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine medicine</kwd><kwd>periodontitis</kwd><kwd>individual oral hygiene</kwd><kwd>microbial biofilm</kwd><kwd>dental plaque</kwd><kwd>gingival sulcus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рединова Т.Л., Чикурова Н.В., Губаева В.Р. Клинические показатели воспаления десны при пародонтите у табакозависимых пациентов // Пародонтология. 2023. Т. 28, № 2. С. 105–111 [Redinova T.L., Chikurova N.V., Gubaeva V.R. 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